Cylinder head



April 3, 1951 R. E. LAMBERTON CYLINDER HEAD Filed Jan. 15, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. Ralph E. Lomberfon.

WZM

A TTORNEYS April 1951 R. EIKLAMBERTON 2,547,914

CYLINDER HEAD 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 15, 1946 I E X INVENTOR.

Ralph E. Lombzfion.

BY m, M4,

ATTORNEYS Patented Apr. 3, 1-951 2,5 14 CYLINDER HEAD Ralph E, Lamberton, Columbus, Ohio, assignor to T g e M in n Gsflumb s Oh o,

a corporation of'Ohio .Application January 15, 1946, Serial No. 641,893

2 Claims. (01. 230 -211 My invention relates to a cylinder head. More specifically it relates to a cylinder head for a compressor, although it is not limited thereto,

Cylinder heads for compressors or the like have been made in the past in the form of a unitary structure in which an inlet passageway or manifold and a discharge passageway or manifold are embodied. The inlet passageway leads fluids to the compressor cylinder and the discharge passageway leads compressed fluids from the cylinder. These passageways are usually disposed closely adjacent each other and, consequently, there is a transfer of heat from the very hot compressed fluids to the fluids passing to the cylinder, which is very objectionable in that it detracts from the efliciency of the compressor. Attempts have been made to overcome this trans.- fer of heat in designing the cylinder head, but they have met with little success.

Qne of the objects of my invention is to provide a cylinder head of the type indicated formed a a sin l unit which mbo es a n t a sa way section and a discharge passageway section, the head being so designed that there will be a minimum transfer of heat from the discharge passageway section to the inlet passageway section.

Another object of my invention is to provide a cylinder head of the type indicated in the preceding description wherein both sections are provided with cooling means.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a cylinder head of the type indicated. in the pre raphs whic i of ed co struction, and of simple, compa it, and inexpensive construction but which is very efficient.

In its preferred form, my invention comprises a cylinder head for compressors of the multicylinder type. The cylinder head is composed mainly of a single casting which includes an integral n ake m nifo common t all the c linders and an integral discharge manifold that is also common to all the cylinders. Air admitted to the intake manifold passes into the cylinders, is compressed, and is then discharged into and through the discharge manifold. In order to make the cylinder head compact, the intake manifold and discharge manifold extend along the ends of the inline cylinders closely adjacent each other. To reduce to a minimum the transfer of heat from the discharge manifold to the intake manifold, I provide an air circulating passageway between the adjacent walls of the manifolds, which has both ends open to the ambient air and is so designed as to obtain maximum air circulation between adjacent manifold walls and, therefore, maximum insulation between the manifolds and maximum heat dissipation from such Walls. Furthermore, each of the manifolds is provided with heat-dissipating fins in its walls which are so located and designed as to dissipate a maximum amount of the heat from the manifolds.

The preferred embodiment of my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts and wherein:

Figure l is a plan View of a cylinder head made a c in t m n en n- Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken sub t n al alon l 22 o i e 1- Figure 3 is a transverse sectional iew taken substantially along line 33 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view taken substantially along line 4.4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a perspective view, partly cut away, of my cylinder head.

Fi ure 1. a lan view s in a s i t mod ed fa m o cylin e head- With reference to the drawings, I have illus- Hated my ind r head fiid with 2h? outer ends of a pair of cylinders 2 and 3. These cylinders 2 and .3 may be the cylinders of a compressor or other unit. They are disposed closely adjacent each other but have a space 4 therebetween. Although I have illustrated only two of these cylinders, it is to be understood that my cylinder head may be employed with more than two adjacent cylinders.

The head I is in the form of a unitary structure which may, for example, be formed of a one-piece casting. It embodies non-communicating longitudinally extending manifolds 5 and 6 which extend substantially the full length of the head and are arranged closely adjacent each other in order to maintain the head compact. The two sections are integrally joined together adjacent their ends by means of the webs 1. The manifolds 5 and 6 are each common to the upper ends of the cylinders 2 and 3. The entire head may be bolted to the outer ends of the cylinders by means of suitably located bolts 8. A gasket 9 of the usual type may be disposed between the head I and the ends of the cylinders.

The manifold 5 serves as the inlet manifold while the manifold 6 serves as the outlet manifold. One end of the inlet manifold 5 has an inlet pipe l0 bolted thereto. The opposite end of the manifold 6 has a discharge pipe H bolted thereto. The longitudinal axes of the manifolds and 6 are parallel. The manifold 5 is provided with the usual inlet valve l2 for each of the cylinders and this valve controls flow of air into the cylinder through an inlet opening 13. Similarly, the manifold 6 is provided with the usual outlet valve l4 for each of the cylinders and this valve controls flow of air from the cylinders through an outlet opening l5. These valves are of the usual type and will not be described more in detail. The valves 12 are carried by cover plates 16 and the valves I4 are carried by cover plates I'I, all of which are bolted to the walls of the manifolds remote from the ends of the cylinders.

Air admitted to the intake-manifold 5 through the pipe it] passes the intake valves 13 into the cylinders, is compressed in 'the cylinders, is discharged past the discharge valves Hi into the discharge manifold 6, and is discharged from the manifold 6 through the discharge pipe ll. The compressed air discharged from the cylinders into the discharge manifold 6 is generally very hot. In order to enhance the efiicient operation of the compressor, it is desirable to minimize, as much as possible, the transfer of heat from the air in the manifold 6 to the incoming air in the manifold 5. For this purpose, I provide the air circulating passageway IS which has both of its ends open to the atmosphere or ambient air.

The passageway 16 is so shaped and so located as to obtain maximum circulation of air between the two manifolds so as to obtain maximum insulation therebetween and maximum dissipation of the heat from the adjacent walls of the manifolds. Therefore, the passageway is of elongated cross-section, is located along the longitudinal center line of the head and intermediate the ends of the head, and extends completely through the head. Thus, both the upper and lower ends of the passageway will be open and the lower end will communicate with the space 4 between adjacent cylinders. Consequently, atmospheric air will circulate through this passageway and produce a cooling effect on the two manifolds and an insulating effect between the adjacent walls of the manifolds.

In order to aid in the dissipation of heat from the manifolds, the outer wall, or wall removed from the ends of the cylinders, of each of the manifolds is provided with longitudinally extending laterally spaced heat-dissipating fins 19. It will be noted that these fins l9 are provided at opposite sides of the passageway I8 and extend parallel thereto. It will also be noted that the fins are provided between the valve cover plate [6 and the end of the manifold 5 which carries the inlet pipe I0. Similarly, the fins are provided between the valve cover plate I! and the end of the manifold 6 which carries the outlet pipe II.

In Figure 6, I have illustrated a modification of my cylinder head. In this form, the inlet pipe la and the discharge pipe Ila are both at the same end of the cylinder head. The coolin fins I90, on this head are arranged similar to those in the other head, but it will be noted that on the end where the pipes 10a and Ila are connected to the head, the fins extend between both of the valve cover plates Ilia and Ila and the points where the pipes are connected to the head.

It will be apparent that with the arrangement described, minimum transfer of heat between the manifolds and maximum dissipation of heat to the atmosphere from the manifolds will result. My cylinder head is of rugged construction and of simple compact and inexpensive construction. However, it functions very efilciently for its intended use.

Various other advantages will be apparent.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In combination with a plurality of adjacent but laterally spaced cylinders, a head common to said cylinders and covering the ends of said cylinders, said head comprising an elongated unitary structure which includes an inlet manifold and a discharge manifold extending longitudinally and disposed adjacent each other and each being common to said cylinders and extending over the ends thereof, said manifolds being integrally joined at their ends but having an air circulating passageway formed therebetween and extending entirely therethrough at a location between the adjacent cylinders, said passageway being of elongated cross-section and being disposed along the longitudinal center line of the head, said passageway having its upper and lower ends open to the ambient air so that such air will circulate through said passageway and will minimize transfer of heat between said manifolds.

2. The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein each of said manifolds is provided with longitudinally extending heat-dissipating fins on that wall remote from the ends of the cylinders.

RALPH E. LAMBERTON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 706,979 Martin Aug. 12, 1902 1,450,032 Gardner Mar. 27, 1923 1,679,132 Holdsworth July 31, 1928 1,719,998 Prellwitz July 9, 1929 1,736,469 Swanson Nov. 19, 1929 1,791,364 Lewis Feb. 3, 1931 1,964,515 Hodson June 26, 1934 1,991,447 Brown Feb. 19, 1935 2,250,446 Cowles July 29, 1941 2,283,317 Cumisky May 19, 1942 

